Therajpic: ICSI DEC 2025 Exam 🚀 Ultimate Guide to CS Executive & Professional Exam Preparation for Dec 2025

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1. CSEET (Company Secretary Executive Entrance Test)

Business Communication

Q: What are the essential components of an effective business letter?
A: Clarity, conciseness, courtesy, correctness, and completeness.
Q: What is the difference between verbal and non-verbal communication?
A: Verbal communication uses words (spoken/written), while non-verbal includes gestures, body language, and facial expressions.
Q: Define the term 'barriers to communication.'
A: Obstacles that prevent effective communication, such as language barriers, distractions, and psychological factors.
Q: What is the importance of email etiquette in corporate communication?
A: Ensures professionalism, clarity, and efficiency in workplace communication.
Q: What are the principles of effective listening?
A: Active listening, patience, empathy, feedback, and clarity.

Legal Aptitude & Logical Reasoning

Q: What is the Doctrine of Precedent?
A: Legal principle stating that courts should follow previous judicial decisions in similar cases.
Q: Define 'Mens Rea' in criminal law.
A: 'Guilty mind'—intent or knowledge of wrongdoing.
Q: What is the difference between an offer and an invitation to offer?
A: An offer is a definite proposal to enter into a contract, while an invitation to offer invites negotiations.
Q: What is the importance of legal reasoning in company law?
A: Helps in interpreting and applying laws logically in corporate decision-making.
Q: What is the role of SEBI in the Indian capital market?
A: SEBI regulates securities markets to protect investors and ensure fair trading.

Economic and Business Environment

Q: What are the key economic indicators used to measure a country's growth?
A: GDP, inflation rate, unemployment rate, fiscal deficit, and balance of payments.
Q: Define 'corporate governance.'
A: The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled.
Q: What are the benefits of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?
A: Economic growth, job creation, technology transfer, and infrastructure development.
Q: What is the role of MSMEs in the Indian economy?
A: They contribute to GDP, employment, and exports, supporting economic growth.
Q: Define the term 'inflation' and its impact on businesses.
A: Inflation is the rise in prices, reducing purchasing power and increasing operational costs.

2. CS EXECUTIVE (New Syllabus 2022)

Company Law

Q: What is the concept of 'One Person Company' (OPC)?
A: A company with only one shareholder, enjoying limited liability benefits.
Q: Define 'quorum' in board meetings.
A: The minimum number of directors required to validate a meeting.
Q: What are the duties of a company secretary?
A: Compliance, governance, record-keeping, board advisory, and statutory filings.
Q: What is the difference between an ordinary resolution and a special resolution?
A: An ordinary resolution requires a simple majority, while a special resolution needs a 75% majority.
Q: Explain the concept of 'Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).'
A: Companies must spend a portion of profits on social and environmental causes.

Jurisprudence, Interpretation & General Laws

Q: What is the 'Doctrine of Ultra Vires'?
A: Acts beyond a company's legal authority are void and unenforceable.
Q: Explain 'vicarious liability.'
A: Liability imposed on an employer for an employee’s actions performed within their job scope.
Q: What is the difference between civil and criminal law?
A: Civil law deals with disputes between individuals, while criminal law punishes offenses against the state.
Q: Define 'contract of indemnity.'
A: A contract where one party promises to compensate another for loss suffered.
Q: What is 'habeas corpus'?
A: A writ issued to produce a detained person before a court.

Capital Market & Securities Laws

Q: What is 'book building' in IPOs?
A: A pricing mechanism to determine the offer price of shares.
Q: Define 'insider trading.'
A: Trading based on non-public, price-sensitive information.
Q: What are the different types of share capital?
A: Authorized, issued, subscribed, and paid-up capital.
Q: What is the role of SEBI in securities market regulation?
A: Protects investors, regulates securities trading, and prevents fraud.
Q: Define 'mutual fund' and its types.
A: A collective investment scheme with equity, debt, and hybrid funds.

3. CS PROFESSIONAL

Governance, Risk Management & Ethics

Q: Define 'corporate ethics.'
A: Moral principles guiding corporate behavior and decision-making.
Q: What is enterprise risk management (ERM)?
A: A framework for identifying and managing organizational risks.
Q: What is the significance of whistleblower protection?
A: Encourages reporting of corporate misconduct while ensuring anonymity.
Q: Explain the term 'stakeholder engagement.'
A: Interaction between a company and those affected by its actions.
Q: What are the pillars of good corporate governance?
A: Transparency, accountability, fairness, and responsibility.

Drafting, Pleadings & Appearances

Q: What is a legal notice?
A: A formal communication informing a party about legal action.
Q: Define 'memorandum of understanding (MoU).'
A: A non-binding agreement outlining the terms of cooperation.
Q: What is an affidavit?
A: A written statement sworn before a legal authority.
Q: What is the role of a company secretary in contract drafting?
A: Ensuring legal compliance and risk mitigation.
Q: Define 'pleadings' in civil litigation.
A: Formal documents filed by parties in a lawsuit.

Insolvency & Bankruptcy Law

Q: What is the role of an Insolvency Professional (IP)?
A: Manages corporate insolvency resolution processes.
Q: Define 'liquidation' in corporate law.
A: The process of closing a company and selling its assets.
Q: What is the 'waterfall mechanism' under IBC?
A: Defines the order of priority in debt repayment.
Q: What is the moratorium under the IBC?
A: A temporary suspension of legal actions against the debtor.
Q: What is a resolution plan under IBC?
A: A proposal to revive a distressed company.

Multidisciplinary Case Studies

Q: What are cross-border mergers?
A: Mergers between companies from different countries.
Q: Define forensic audit.
A: Investigation of financial records to detect fraud.
Q: What is green financing?
A: Investment in sustainable and environmentally friendly projects.
Q: What is the role of AI in corporate governance?
A: Enhances compliance, fraud detection, and risk assessment.
Q: Explain 'cartelization' in competition law.
A: Illegal agreement between businesses to control market prices.

These 50 questions will help CS students at all levels in CSEET, CS Executive, and CS Professional prepare effectively for the December 2025 exams! 🚀

For CSEET, CS Executive & CS Professional Students

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For SEO & High Engagement

🌟 CS Exam December 2025: 50 Trending Questions You Must Know
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For Motivation & Study Planning

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