📘 PAPER 1: BUSINESS COMMUNICATION (Subjective – 100 Marks)
Chapter 1: Basics of Business Communication
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Meaning: Exchange of information to achieve business goals.
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Features: Clarity, conciseness, correctness, completeness, courtesy.
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Types:
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Formal vs Informal
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Internal vs External
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Vertical/Horizontal/Diagonal
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Importance: Coordination, management control, decision-making.
Chapter 2: Essentials of Effective Communication
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7Cs of communication: Clear, Concise, Concrete, Correct, Coherent, Courteous, Complete.
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Barriers: Physical, semantic, psychological, and organizational.
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Overcoming barriers: Feedback, simplification, clarity, and active listening.
Chapter 3: Business Correspondence
Types:
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Letters: Inquiry, order, complaint, adjustment, sales, banking, insurance.
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Email communication: Format, subject line rules, and professional tone.
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Memos, notices, circulars.
Letter Writing Essentials:
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Sender address → Date → Receiver address → Subject → Salutation → Body → Closing → Signature.
Chapter 4: Report Writing
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Types: Informational reports, analytical reports, progress reports, and feasibility reports.
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Format: Title → Terms of reference → Findings → Conclusion → Recommendations.
Chapter 5: Meetings & Drafting
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Types of meetings: Annual, extraordinary, and board meetings.
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Drafts: Agenda, minutes, resolutions (ordinary/special).
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Minutes must be clear, factual, and chronological.
Chapter 6: Non-Verbal Communication
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Body language, posture, eye contact, gestures, expressions.
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Importance: 55% messages are often non-verbal.
Chapter 7: Communication Skills for Professionals
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Presentation skills, negotiation skills, writing skills, and interviewing skills.
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CS role: Drafting, compliance reporting, board communication.
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📘 PAPER 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTING (Subjective – 100 Marks)
Chapter 1: Introduction to Accounting
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Meaning: Recording, classifying, and summarising financial transactions.
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Objectives: User decision-making, compliance, and profit calculation.
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Types: Financial, cost, and management accounting.
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Users: Internal (management) & external (shareholders, creditors).
Chapter 2: Accounting Concepts & Conventions
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Concepts: Going concern, accrual, consistency, matching, cost, prudence, dual aspect.
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Conventions: Full disclosure, conservatism, materiality.
Chapter 3: Accounting Process
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Steps: Identification → Journal → Ledger → Trial balance → Final accounts.
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Golden rules:
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Personal: Dr receiver, Cr giver
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Real: Dr, what comes i?, Cr. what goes out
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Nominal: Dr expenses/losses, Cr incomes/gains
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Chapter 4: Journal Entries
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Debit and credit rules.
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Examples: Capital introduced, purchases, sales, wages, rent, depreciation.
Chapter 5: Ledger & Trial Balance
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Ledger posting from journal.
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Trial balance: Ensures arithmetical accuracy.
Chapter 6: Depreciation Accounting
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Meaning: Allocation of cost over useful life.
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Methods: Straight Line Method (SLM), Written Down Value (WDV).
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Formula:
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SLM = Cost – Scrap ÷ Useful Life
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WDV = Opening value × Rate
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Chapter 7: Bank Reconciliation Statement
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BRS is prepared to match the bank book vs the passbook.
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Causes: Cheques issued not presented, cheques deposited not cleared, and bank charges.
Chapter 8: Financial Statements
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Trading account → Profit & Loss account → Balance sheet.
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Assets: Fixed, current.
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Liabilities: Capital, long-term, current liabilities.
Chapter 9: Rectification of Errors
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Types: Omission, commission, principle, compensating.
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Trial balance errors vs non-trial-balance errors.
📘 PAPER 3: ECONOMIC & BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT (Subjective – 100 Marks)
Chapter 1: Basics of Economics
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Micro vs macro.
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Wants, goods, services, utility, value, price.
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Demand & supply concepts.
Chapter 2: National Income
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Concepts: GDP, GNP, NNP, NDP, PCI.
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Methods: Output, income, expenditure.
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Nominal vs real GDP.
Chapter 3: Inflation & Unemployment
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Inflation: Demand-pull, cost-push.
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Effects: On producers, consumers, economy.
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Unemployment: Types – frictional, structural, cyclical.
Chapter 4: Indian Economic Development
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Features: Mixed economy, large population, agricultural dependence.
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Sectors: Primary, secondary, tertiary.
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Government initiatives: Make in India, Digital India.
Chapter 5: Business Environment
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Internal vs External environment.
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PESTLE analysis (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental).
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Impact on business decisions.
Chapter 6: Financial Markets
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Money market vs capital market.
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SEBI role.
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Primary market: IPO, FPO.
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Secondary market: Stock exchanges.
Chapter 7: Entrepreneurship & MSMEs
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Characteristics of entrepreneurs.
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MSME classification: Investment & turnover.
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Govt schemes: PMEGP, MUDRA.
Chapter 8: Globalization & International Trade
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WTO, IMF, World Bank – roles.
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Free trade vs protectionism.
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Balance of payments (BoP).
Chapter 9: Business Ethics & CSR
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Ethics in business: Transparency, fairness, accountability.
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CSR under Companies Act: 2% of average net profits, Schedule VII activities.
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📘 PAPER 4: BUSINESS LAWS & MANAGEMENT (OMR – 100 Marks)
(60 Marks Business Laws + 40 Marks Business Management)
PART A: BUSINESS LAWS (60 Marks)
Chapter 1: Indian Contract Act, 1872
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Contract = Agreement + enforceability.
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Essentials: Offer, acceptance, consideration, intention, capacity, free consent.
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Void & voidable contracts.
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Performance & discharge of contract.
Chapter 2: Sale of Goods Act, 1930
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Sale vs Agreement to sell.
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Conditions vs warranties.
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Rights of the unpaid seller.
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Transfer of ownership & risk.
Chapter 3: Companies Act, 2013 – Basics
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Company definition, types: Private, public, OPC.
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Memorandum & Articles.
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Promoters & incorporation.
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Directors: Appointment, duties, disqualifications.
Chapter 4: LLP Act, 2008
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LLP features: Body corporate, separate legal entity.
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Partners: Designated partners, DPIN.
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LLP agreement.
Chapter 5: Consumer Protection Act, 2019
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Consumer definition.
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Rights of consumers.
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CCPA (Central Authority).
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Three-tier redressal forum.
Chapter 6: Intellectual Property Laws
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Patents, trademarks, copyrights.
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Duration & rights.
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Infringement basics.
Chapter 7: Negotiable Instruments Act
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Cheques, promissory notes, and bills of exchange.
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Endorsement, dishonour, notice of dishonour.
Chapter 8: Competition Act
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Anti-competitive agreements.
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Abuse of dominant position.
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Role of CCI.
PART B: BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (40 Marks)
Chapter 1: Introduction to Management
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Definition: Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling.
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Levels: Top, middle, lower.
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Skills: Technical, human, conceptual.
Chapter 2: Planning & Decision Making
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Steps: Objectives → Policies → Procedures → Budgeting.
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Decision types: Programmed vs non-programmed.
Chapter 3: Organizing
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Structures: Functional, divisional, matrix.
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Formal vs informal organization.
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Delegation: Responsibility, authority, accountability.
Chapter 4: Leadership & Motivation
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Leadership styles: Autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire.
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Motivation theories: Maslow, Herzberg, McGregor.
Chapter 5: Controlling
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Meaning, importance.
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Types: Feedforward, concurrent, feedback.
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Techniques: Budgetary control, standard costing.
Chapter 6: Business Strategy
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Vision, mission, goals.
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SWOT analysis.
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Competitive advantage.
Chapter 7: Business Communication (Management Perspective)
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Internal communication, downward/upward communication.
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Feedback systems.
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Barriers & improvements.
Chapter 8: Emerging Trends in Management
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Digital leadership.
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AI-driven decision-making.
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Corporate sustainability.
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ESG frameworks.

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